Every year, the first Sunday of April is celebrated in Turkmenistan under the motto “Drop of water – grain of gold!”.This national holiday reflects ancestral traditions of the Turkmen people, who, during their millennia-old history, have held dear and sacred and preserved the respect for water as a priceless gift representing the life itself. Today in Turkmenistan, large-scale water-management projects are implemented and land reclamation problems are resolved in innovative ways. All this facilitates increasing the production volumes of grain, cotton and other agricultural produce, and, correspondingly, ensuring food abundance in the country and strengthening the export potential of the agricultural sector. Effective use of water resources is the key aspect of the state policy and is closely connected, primarily, with fulfilling tasks outlined by President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov in terms of dynamic development of the agroindustrial complex; environmental protection; and uninterrupted supply of clean drinking water for the population. Restoring soil fertility and preventing its re-salinization are among priority tasks of today’s miraps. With commissioning of the first stage of “Altyn asyr” Turkmen lake, collectors running off drainage waters from oases were united into a highly effective hydraulic system. Construction of facilities of the second stage of this large-scale project is continued, and this opens up promising opportunities for reutilization of ground waters for agricultural needs. Creation of a new manmade lake in the middle of the Karakum Desert, that is one of the greatest deserts in the world, stands out as a positive factor in the context of environmental protection and promotes improvement of the ecological situation not only in our country, but in the whole region. Preserving and restoring water and other natural resources; halting desertification, land degradation and climate change are among key areas of international cooperation of Turkmenistan that initiates constructive resolution of global environmental problems for the sake of well-being of current and future generations. Dozens of programs and projects are being implemented at the national and regional level together with the UN Development Program; UN Environmental Program; Global Environment Facility and other reputable international structures. In this context, construction of “Altyn Asyr” Turkmen lake comes into sharp focus. With a vast experience in successful husbandry and water management in arid zones, our country is at the forefront of scientific research in this sphere and advocates other countries for the rational use of water resources. Even today, the functioning of this unique hydraulic facility allows using newly formed reservoirs and collectors for the development of fishery. Various types of fish inhabiting the lake today are a clear example thereof.