During the top-level talks between President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov and President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Mohammad Ashraf Ghani, it was underlined the importance to find new opportunities to significantly increase the volumes and diversify the mutual trade turnover. Given that this indicator steadily grows – in 2018, the bilateral trade turnover made up around 684 million US dollar that is significantly higher as compare to 2017, - there are wide opportunities in this areas. The high results can be achieved through the involvement of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship into the trade and economic cooperation. In this context, the talks focused on the possibilities of the active introduction of business into the markets of the two countries, establishing different types of joint cooperation on the production of industrial goods, the agricultural sector, the service industry and other industries. It was noted that the people of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan had accumulated centuries-old experience in conducting mutual trade and entrepreneurship. It was also emphasized the importance to intensify the efforts of the Intergovernmental Turkmen-Afghani commission on trade and economic cooperation. Another priority area of the Turkmen-Afghani cooperation is humanitarian sphere. In the framework of the special humanitarian assistance programme, Turkmenistan has built and put into operation a school in the Balkh Province, a rural hospital in the Faryab Province, a maternity hospital in the Herat Province. Turkmenistan will continue the construction of social facilities in Afghanistan. Turkmenistan closely collaborates with Afghanistan in the sphere of education. Hundreds of young citizens of Afghanistan, who gained the education in the higher educational institutions of Turkmenistan, work at the state authorities, in various sectors of the national economy of Afghanistan. Currently, students from Afghanistan are getting education at the Agricultural University, the Pedagogical Institute, the energy, transport and communication institutes, as well as at the International University of Oil and Gas.